Obesity is a complex disorder involving an excessive amount of body fat. It increases your risk of diseases and health problems, such as heart disease, diabetes and high blood pressure.
Obesity is diagnosed when your body mass index (BMI) is 30 or higher. Your body mass index is calculated by dividing your weight in kilograms (kg) by your height in meters (m) squared.
Below 18.5 Underweight
18.5-24.9 Normal
25.0-29.9 Overweight
30.0-34.9 Obese (Class I)
35.0-39.9 Obese (Class II)
40.0 and higher Extreme obesity (Class III)
For most people, BMI provides a reasonable estimate of body fat. However, BMI doesn't directly measure body fat, so some people, such as muscular athletes, may have a BMI in the obese category even though they don't have excessive body fat. Ask your doctor if your BMI is a problem.
CAUSES
Although there are genetic, behavioral and hormonal influences on body weight, obesity occurs when you take in more calories than you burn through exercise and normal daily activities. Your body stores these excess calories as fat. Obesity can sometimes be traced to a medical cause, such as Prader-Willi syndrome, Cushing's syndrome, and other diseases and conditions. However, these disorders are rare and, in general, the principal causes of obesity are:
Inactivity. If you're not very active, you don't burn as many calories. With a sedentary lifestyle, you can easily take in more calories every day than you use through exercise and normal daily activities.
Unhealthy diet and eating habits. Weight gain is inevitable if you regularly eat more calories than you burn. And most of our diets are too high in calories and are full of fast food and high-calorie beverages.
COMPLICATIONS
If you're obese, you're more likely to develop a number of potentially serious health problems, including:
#High triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol
#Type 2 diabetes
#High blood pressure
#Metabolic syndrome — a combination of high blood sugar, high bloodpressure, high triglycerides and low HDL cholesterol
#Heart disease
#Stroke
#Cancer, including cancer of the uterus, cervix, endometrium, ovaries, breast,colon, rectum, esophagus, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, kidney and prostate
#Breathing disorders, including sleep apnea, a potentially serious sleep disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts
#Gallbladder disease
#Gynecological problems, such as infertility and irregular periods
#Erectile dysfunction and sexual health issues
#Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, a condition in which fat builds up in the liver and can cause inflammation or scarring
#Osteoarthritis
When you're obese, your overall quality of life may be diminished. You may not be able to do things you used to do, such as participating in enjoyable activities. You may avoid public places. Obese people may even encounter discrimination.
Other weight-related issues that may affect your quality of life include:
#Depression
#Disability
#Sexual problems
#Shame and guilt
#Social isolation
#Lower work achievement
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